Showing posts with label Physics. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Physics. Show all posts

Tuesday, August 31, 2010

Deep Time

Reading about cosmology can be kind of depressing. I don't see right off-hand how any of the possible outcomes are in any way pleasing. If the universe is sufficiently massive, expansion will slow down and stop, then the universe will begin to contract. Everything gets mashed together, ordinary light gets blue-shifted, X-rays and gamma rays bombard everything, and then everything gets compacted into a singularity in the so-called Big Crunch.

That's not so fun. Are there alternatives?

If the universe is insufficiently massive, the expansion continues forever, even accelerates under the influence of dark energy. Galaxies recede from one another and eventually pass from view entirely, stars die, everything becomes cold, dark, and impossibly far removed from everything else.

Well, that's not so fun either. Anyone got any other ideas?

Maybe expansion will accelerate to the point that space itself fails, ripping apart like a too-small latex glove on a too-large hand, in an unimaginable cataclysm called the Big Rip. I can't begin to imagine what that would be like, having space itself rip apart, but I don't think one needs to be The Amazing Kreskin to guess that it would be bad.

So where are the cosmological outcomes where everything remains more or less groovy in perpetuity? I confess that I always preferred the Steady-State Universe model on emotional grounds, which at least offers the notion that the universe is eternal and continually renewed. Too bad that it turned out to be wrong - among other things, it can't explain the cosmic microwave background or the Hubble constant. But on strictly emotional grounds, it seems a lot more palatable than any of the extrapolations of the Big Bang, all of which are about as cheerful as the movie Event Horizon. Without popcorn.

Wednesday, July 07, 2010

Eisenstein

I notice a sort of strange hunger in popular culture these days for Einstein to be proven wrong. What they mean, really, is that they want to see Relativity proven wrong. Einstein himself was often wrong. He once said, for example, “A little schnitzel never hurt anyone.” Yeah, tell that to people who choked to death on pieces of schnitzel! (And this in the days before the Heimlich Maneuver, when one imagines the cafes and bistros of the world were littered with the prostrate bodies of choking victims, when the accepted wisdom was to give a choking person a glass of water, thus compounding choking with drowning.)

Thus we see that Einstein WAS wrong. At least once. But here’s another example. He once said “I see; the souls of the departed pass into the trousers of the living.” (He really did.) This, as I think any thinking person will agree, is nonsense. The only stuff that passes into MY trousers are my legs and other bits of biological undercarriage. So there, Einstein was wrong twice. (Would it not be fundamentally creepy to find that the souls of the departed really DO pass into the trousers of the living? Imagine discovering that you've got the soul of Ho Chi Minh in your trousers. How would you even grapple with such a thing emotionally?)

But why do people hunger to see Relativity proven wrong? Do they not like Relativity? Do they not like Einstein? Do they blame him for the fact that science is hard? (Einstein once said “Do not worry about your problems in mathematics; I can assure you that mine are worse still.”) Do they not like his hair? Do they blame him for the atom bomb? Maybe they log on to the Internet to find out more about Lindsay Lohan’s fingernails and are suddenly confronted by news stories they don’t understand but seem to have something to do with that creepy German guy with the funky hair. You know, one of the Einstein Brothers, the one that went into physics instead of staying home like a good boy and making bagels, the one that came up with all that claptrap about invariance and equivalent frames of reference instead of just asking us if we’d like schmeer on our onion bagel.

In the novel “Angels & Demons” Dan Brown establishes the scientific bona fides of the luscious Italian physicist by tossing off the remark that she had “disproven Einstein with a stopwatch and a school of tuna fish.” Again, I think he means she disproved Relativity, not Einstein, because I can’t see what a stopwatch or a school of tuna have to do with choking on a piece of schnitzel. I’m glad they left that part out of the movie – I would have brayed like an Army mule and then, most likely, choked to death on a piece of schnitzel.

Thus I am deeply gratified to report that General Relativity just passed its most exhaustive and extreme test yet when the behavior of a binary pulsar system was found to agree with the predictions of General Relativity down to a ridiculous number of decimal places – it don’t get much more relativistic than two pulsars orbiting one another! And the early word from Argentina is that the GZK Cutoff is indeed observed in the real world, thus confirming Special Relativity, and consigning the dubious contender “Doubly-Special Relativity” (nicknamed “DSR” so it doesn’t sound quite so much like an ice cream dish) to the trash can of history. “I’d like a Doubly-Special Relativity, please. With sprinkles. And butterscotch syrup.”

I am, as you can doubtless tell, bored out of my skull. I think I suffer from a weird form of ADD. I know what the GZK Cutoff is and what it means, but I can’t balance my checkbook. Why is that? And why do I think you’re even remotely interested in the GZK Cutoff? (I don’t think you’re interested in the GZK Cutoff; I think that you’re interested in the fact that I’m interested in the GZK Cutoff. I think that’s what I mean. But I’m not sure it’s interesting. I think.)

I should go do something productive, like prove Einstein wrong with a sundial and a sleeping dog.

Years ago I watched an episode of Night Gallery (I think it was) where a guy had some kind of earwig eat its way through his brain from one ear to the other. I’m having the same problem, except without earwigs or a brain (so to speak). I’ve discovered that when shingles heals, intense itching sets in. It’s like someone rubbed a shedding cat all over the right side of my face; sometimes the desire to gibber and scratch at my face with some kind of gardening trowel is almost insurmountable. As it happens, I DO gibber, but lacking a garden implement, I’ve taken to worrying at my face with a comb. Good thing I’m not a werewolf; I’d tear the side of my face off by accident. Hard enough to explain the clutter of half-eaten sheep carcasses around the apartment without having to explain why your face is hanging off in ribbons at the same time.